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Cue Lights

in TV? (December 2014)

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BL
bluecortina
Couple of issues here.

1. Back in the day VTRs and Telecines (which scanned film live) had to have time to run-up. So you would run them 5, or even 10" before the pictures and sound were stable. That meant you needed to run them 5 or 10" before the presenter stopped talking (or before they hit the script that needed to be covered with VT for a live voice over). For a scripted show this was relatively straightforward, you just back timed the script by 5 or 10" and ran the VT or TK when the presenter hit that bit (if all else fails follow the 3 words per second rule).

For an ad-libbed show you needed a way for the presenter to let you know they were coming to the end of their ad-lib (ideally). You'd see/hear a signal (ear scratch, agreed word, cue light or buzzer from presenter etc.), run the VT or TK, and then the presenter would hear the hard count into the VT/TK item from the PA and stop talking in time.

Imagine directing a busy news opening sequence when each headline VT was run from a -5" pre-roll. That really was a skill. (I've had to do it occasionally)

2. bluecortina - The original quadrant fader mixers (and the BBC split-fader GVG1600s) didn't do a "NAM" they did an "AM". It was an Additive Mix not a Non-Additive Mix. With a NAM you weighted the incoming and outgoing sources inversely by the action of the fader, and the brightest one "won" (effectively it was a kind of burn-through key effect). With an Additive Mix you separately weighted the two sources and added them, no "winning" required (You always got both signals across the picture). The Sony 7000 and 8000 Supermix with the right programming almost allowed you to do the same. Interesting that the new GVG K-Frames, like the 1600s, have the option of the split fader again. (You could split the T-bar into two halves - a left and right, or lock them together to work as normally expected.)

3. Markymark - dead right. It was additive, not non-additive. The NAM was a horrid US effect we seldom used in the UK.



1. ITN went over to the ACR25 and played various sequences from it (them?). Bit of bugbear having to transfer bits and pieces to it if you were up against a tight deadline, but obviously with it's more or less instant start it must have made title sequences etc a lot easier. As we know the Betacart etc and now servers have made it so easy everyone thinks they can do it!!

Was it Frank Bough who used to scratch his nose at the appropriate cue point?

2. Thanks for the clarification over the BBC's vision mixers re NAM/Mix etc.

3. I have to disagree with you with regard to the desirability of the NAM 'effect'. My own opinion is that when used correctly it can provide a really nice visual effect. I'm thinking of performers against a very dark/black backgrounds and having them on the left and right of the screen at different sizes. But ... it's just my personal opinion and we will certainly not fall out about it!
Last edited by bluecortina on 8 December 2014 5:47pm
IS
Inspector Sands
Bail posted:
Probably not so much today with the ease of setup of proper talk-back the presenter can always be cued on time. I've not heard the term "run word" personally, but "out words" are very very common, to denote the last spoken word of a VT so everyone knows when the VT is about to, or has just ended.

Runwords are still used in news in a couple of ways, firstly when a package has an animated title card on the beginning of it. The package will be started at a certain point in the script so that the package proper starts when the script runs out.... similar to a DJ backtiming an intro to a record.

They're also used for 'ULAY' or 'OOV's - where pictures are played over a newsreaders voice. In both cases though they are marked points in the script rather than a spontaneous cue by the presenter
DE
deejay

Imagine directing a busy news opening sequence when each headline VT was run from a -5" pre-roll. That really was a skill. (I've had to do it occasionally)


Here is the opening of the One o'clock News from 1986 with production talkback It was Philip Hayton's first programme apparently, and the the director is doing just what noggin is describing, running all the headlines off individual tapes or from slide scanners, with DVE animates from Quantel.

The headlines don't quite go to plan, but that's only the beginning of a very rough ride indeed!

NG
noggin Founding member

3. I have to disagree with you with regard to the desirability of the NAM 'effect'. My own opinion is that when used correctly it can provide a really nice visual effect. I'm thinking of performers against a very dark/black backgrounds and having them on the left and right of the screen at different sizes. But ... it's just my personal opinion and we will certainly not fall out about it!


It's a personal thing - but I prefered the additive mix in those situations (which is what it was used for a lot - so you didn't need to wipe and both cameras remained at full brightness) as you didn't get the burning through effect the NAM gave, and instead a soft "mix over" look.

You see the 'performer offset framing against a dark background' effect used a lot with additive mixing on 70s/early 80s BBC music and LE shows. The current BBC Four TOTP reruns feature them a lot as well.
NG
noggin Founding member
Bail posted:
Probably not so much today with the ease of setup of proper talk-back the presenter can always be cued on time. I've not heard the term "run word" personally, but "out words" are very very common, to denote the last spoken word of a VT so everyone knows when the VT is about to, or has just ended.

Runwords are still used in news in a couple of ways, firstly when a package has an animated title card on the beginning of it. The package will be started at a certain point in the script so that the package proper starts when the script runs out.... similar to a DJ backtiming an intro to a record.

They're also used for 'ULAY' or 'OOV's - where pictures are played over a newsreaders voice. In both cases though they are marked points in the script rather than a spontaneous cue by the presenter


Yep - and with some very good presenters you also get "cue words" for OBs - even when they are unscripted. It isn't unheard of to have 5+ seconds delay on a remote presenter. Agreeing "cue words" and then counting the local presenter down can soak that up very well.

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