ARD at 8:00pm is presumably still an exception, though I know that announcement is recorded and essentially part of Taggeschau's opening titles. Does ARD not use idents anytime else any more - been a while since I've been to Germany. What about ZDF?
I wouldn't call the announcements before Tagesschau continuity announcements for the reasons you mention (although they are a relic from the time when announcers were commonplace). It is more akin to the announcements in network newscasts in the states ("From NBC News World Headquarters in New York: This is NBC Nightly News with Brian Williams."). I also wouldn't call the preceeding animation an ident.
It is common in Europe to use break bumpers that are a bit more elaborate than in the UK (typically a 3-6 second spot with a jingle). They tend to replace idents as the primary identifier.
In Germany, several public channels still have idents (3-10 second "ID spots"), but their use varies. You can't expect an ident in every junction.
On Das Erste you'll find break bumpers in the day, and I think programme trails are separated by an image of the Das Erste logo and a two-note jingle (two strikes on a xylophone). At one point I've also seen something that looks like a standalone ident, but that seems rarely used.
You can see some of it here.
ZDF also separates its trailers with a short jingle, but I haven't seen anything that looks like an ident (commercials are separated by the
Mainzelmännchen).